Pronoun Personal

Висновок

A personal pronoun is a word that indirectly refers to a particular person(s) or thing(s). In English, the following words are personal pronouns: «I», «we», «you», «he», «she», «they», «them».

Визначення

In Biblical Hebrew, personal pronouns change form according to gender (чоловічий, number (жіночий, and person (first, second, or third. Grammatically they are very similar to pronominal suffixes, but they stand alone rather than attaching to other kinds of words; also, they are more limited in their function.

Форма

Paradigm

Personal Pronoun Paradigm

Синтаксичний аналіз	Іврит	Транслітерація	Переклад
common однина перша особа	אֲנִי / אָנֹכִי	„ani / „anokhi	I
чоловічий однина друга особа	אַתָּה	„attah	you
жіночий однина друга особа	אַתְּ	„at	you
чоловічий однина третя особа	הוּא	hu	he / it
жіночий однина третя особа	הִיא / הִוא	hi / hiw	she / it
common множина перша особа	אֲנַחְנוּ	„anahnu	we
чоловічий множина друга особа	אַתֶּם	„attem	you
жіночий множина друга особа	אַתֵּנָה	„attenah	you
чоловічий множина третя особа	הֵם / הֵמָּה	hem / hemmah	they
жіночий множина третя особа	הֵן / הֵנָּה	hen / hennah	they

Функція

As a general noun

Приклад: ISA 41:10

אַל־תִּירָא֙ כִּ֣י עִמְּךָ־אָ֔נִי אַל־תִּשְׁתָּ֖ע כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ

„al-tira“ ki „immekha-„ani „al-tishta“ ki-„ani „eloheykha

Not_fear for with-you_I not_be-anxious for_I your-God

Do not fear, for I am with you. Do not be anxious, for I am your God.

Приклад: EXO 6:2

אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה

„ani yehwah

I Йагве

I am Йагве.

Приклад: JER 12:1

צַדִּ֤יק אַתָּה֙

tsaddiq „attah

righteous you

you are righteous

As subject of a finite verb

Sometimes an independent personal pronoun appears as the subject of a finite verb even though the pronominal subject is already indicated by the verb form iteself. In these cases, the personal pronoun functions to emphasize the personal role of the subject in performing the verbal action. When used in this way, the personal pronoun is often translated reflexively in English: «myself», «yourself», etc.

Приклад: 1KI 18:22

אֲנִ֞י נֹותַ֧רְתִּי נָבִ֛יא לַיהוָ֖ה

„ani nowtharti navi layhwah

I I-am-left prophet for-Йагве

I, I alone, am left as a prophet of Йагве

As subject of a verbal participle

Приклад: DEU 8:1

אָנֹכִ֧י מְצַוְּךָ֛

„anokhi metsawwekha

I am-commanding-you

I am giving you

In apposition with a noun or pronominal suffix

Sometimes a personal pronoun simply repeats a noun or pronominal suffix that has appeared earlier in the sentence. The specific function of the repeated pronoun must be discerned from the context in these cases, but often the repetition expresses some kind of emphasis on the identified person(s) or thing(s) within the sentence.

Приклад: GEN 27:34

בָּרֲכֵ֥נִי גַם־אָ֖נִי אָבִֽי

barakheni gam-„ani „avi

Bless-me also_me my-father

Bless me, me also, my father

Приклад: EZR 7:6

ה֤וּא עֶזְרָא֙ עָלָ֣ה מִבָּבֶ֔ל

hu „ezra“ „alah mibbavel

He Ezra came-up from-Babylon

Ezra came up from Babylon

Приклад: GEN 36:1

עֵשָׂ֖ו ה֥וּא אֱדֽוֹם

„esaw hu „edom

Esau he Edom

Esau (also called Edom)