Gender Both¶
Висновок¶
A word is classified as «both gender» if it contains both a чоловічий and a жіночий form, or if a single form is чоловічий in some contexts and жіночий in other contexts.
Визначення¶
Some words appear in both a чоловічий and a жіночий form. Other words have only one form, but that single form can be either grammatically-чоловічий or grammatically-жіночий. These kinds of words are classified as «gender both», and they are usually nouns or adjectives. Sometimes the context can determine the gender of a particular instance of a «gender both» noun, but sometimes the context is inconclusive.
Приклади¶
A single word with both чоловічий and жіночий forms¶
In the following example, the noun אוֹר (light) is чоловічий in form and takes grammatically-чоловічий verbs (יְהִ֣י and וַֽיְהִי).
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֖ים יְהִ֣י אֹ֑ור וַֽיְהִי־אֹֽור׃ |
wayyomer „elohim yehi „owr wayehi-„owr |
And-he-said God there-will-be light and-there-was_light. |
God said, «Let there be light,» and there was light. |
In the following example, the noun אוֹרָה (light) is жіночий in form and takes a grammatically-жіночий verb (הָֽיְתָ֥ה).
לַיְּהוּדִ֕ים הָֽיְתָ֥ה אֹורָ֖ה |
layyehudim hayethah „owrah |
To-the-Jews there-was light |
The Jews had light |
A single form that can be either чоловічий or жіночий¶
In the following example, the noun שֶׁמֶשׁ (sun) is grammatically жіночий.
וַיְהִ֤י הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ בָּ֔אָה |
wayhi hashemesh ba’ah |
And-it-happened the-sun it-went |
When the sun had gone down |
In the following example, the noun שֶׁמֶשׁ (sun) is grammatically чоловічий.
הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ יָצָ֣א עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ |
hashemesh yatsa „al-ha’arets |
The-sun it-went-out over_the-earth |
The sun had risen upon the earth |
In the following example, the noun נֹגַהּ (brightness) could be either чоловічий or жіночий.
וְכוֹכָבִ֖ים אָסְפ֥וּ נָגְהָֽם |
And-stars they-withdraw their-brightness |
the stars keep back their brightness |